AKI
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation
A highly reproducible endotoxaemia model for inflammatory kidney injury and rapid anti-inflammatory screening.
Background and rationale
A single injection of bacterial endotoxin produces a well characterised, dose-dependent cytokine storm with renal inflammation, tubular stress and a fall in glomerular filtration. Because timing and magnitude are highly predictable, the model is efficient for early proof-of-mechanism and target engagement studies.
Typical study design
- Dose selection for the desired injury severity, matched by batch and lot of LPS
- Fixed injection time of day to control for circadian variation
- Pre- or post-treatment dosing to distinguish prevention from intervention
- Serial sampling for cytokine kinetics
Readouts
- Plasma creatinine, BUN and cystatin C
- Urinary NGAL, Kim-1 and albumin-creatinine ratio
- Luminex and Olink cytokine and proteomic profiling
- Histology and immunohistochemistry for immune infiltration
- Bulk RNA sequencing of kidney cortex
- Transdermal GFR measurement
Interested in this model?
We will walk you through severity levels, group sizes, dosing windows and endpoints, and propose a design matched to your compound.